University of Southern
Queensland
OVERVIEW: USQs status as a regional
university, and a major provider of education at a distance and flexible delivery,
position it as a leader in student-focussed higher education. The Universitys
teaching and student services are consistently rated highly in the annual Course
Experience Questionnaire and in internal surveys#. This student-focus - a
responsiveness to the needs of its diverse student catchment; a desire to foster an
effective overall learning environment; and a leadership role in the innovative use of
educational technologies - form the basis of the Universitys approach to student
equity and its capacity to provide opportunities for access with success to a diverse
student body. The majority of USQs students may be considered as
non-traditional. Up to three-quarters of USQ students study externally, and
the median age of students is 27 years - the fifth highest for the sector. USQ has a high
proportion of students from the most disadvantaged groups. In particular, in terms of the
proportion of equity groups in its student body the University is ranked second in the
sector for people from low socio-economic backgrounds (almost one in three of USQs
students are from this grouping, over twice the sector average; while the USQ student body
has one of the highest levels of Austudy recipience); ranked fourth for students with
disabilities; fourth for rural and sixth for geographically isolated students.
A diverse and integrated group of Student Services
have been developed to respond to the USQ student needs focussing on disability, careers
and employment, health, financial assistance, accommodation, welfare, counselling,
learning enhancement and peer counselling. These services are offered to both on-campus
and external students for the latter utilising email, night telephone career and
counselling services, news groups, fax and services provided at the Brisbane Centre and
Wide Bay Campus. Regional weekend workshops are also provided. The Career Services also
offer a structured career planning and counselling program for external students. In
addition, USQ has in place a range of academic learning support programs that comprise a
major feature of the Universitys equity effort. Academic learning support services
are grouped in a dedicated academic unit - the Office of Preparatory and Continuing
Studies (OPACS). The centre-piece of the OPACS programs is the Tertiary Preparation
Program (TPP). This is the second largest overall, and largest free-to-student, enabling
program in the Australian higher education sector, providing a semester-long accredited
preparatory / readiness program for educationally disadvantaged students with guaranteed
entry into undergraduate programs at USQ for all students who successfully complete the
course. Other OPACS equity programs include the Learning Centre, Supplemental Instruction,
Distance Peer-Assisted Learning Sessions, Foundation Skills, English for Specific
Purposes, Communications Skills Enhancement Program and in-context maths support programs
in Engineering, Nursing and Economics.
However, it is important to appreciate that equity
is a mainstream concern at USQ. An updated Equity in Education Policy# was
approved by Council on 22 June 1998 which articulates the linkages between the
Universitys teaching and learning programs and its role in promoting sector-wide
equity goals; and obliges: "all managers and decision makers to ensure that
educational equity is included as a consideration in all matters of policy development,
forward planning and performance review within the University." The Student
Equity Committee, whose purpose is to: "provide leadership, advocacy and a focus
for educational equity at USQ" exists as a standing committee of the
Vice-Chancellors Committee and is chaired by the Deputy Vice-Chancellor.
The institutional emphases on distance education
and student-focused learning, together with institutional initiatives such as the
introduction of a Bachelor of General Studies and the long-term use of compulsory core
curriculum in communications and computing, reflect USQs commitment to catering for
the needs of a diverse student body. The University maintains OPACS, Equal Opportunity
(EO) Office, Student Services and Outreach Services as its principal student support
sections.
1. USQ Equity Objective: The following
appears in both the University of Southern Queensland Strategic Plan 1999-2003 and
the USQ Equity in Education Policy:
The Principal Equity Objective of the
University of Southern Queensland is to provide opportunities for access to all groups in
Australian society and equitable opportunities for their success.
2. Overall Equity Performance: USQ has a
high proportion of students from the most disadvantaged groups. In particular, in terms of
the proportion of equity groups in its student body the University is ranked second in the
sector for people from low socio-economic backgrounds (29.5%); ranked fourth for students
with disabilities (4.1%); fourth for rural students (52.0%); and sixth for isolated
students (5.3%). The proportion of females in Business has risen to now be at acceptable
levels. Progress in raising female enrolment in Engineering has proven more difficult,
largely due to the nature of USQs courses that tend to recruit students from the
existing professions which itself represents a gender-biased population. The sector-wide
trend to increase fee-paying arrangements in postgraduate coursework has been associated
with a not unexpected deterioration of participation by females in these courses. As with
other regional universities, USQ has never attracted large numbers of Australian students
from non-English-speaking backgrounds (NESB).
USQs overall equity performance is very
sound. Retention and Success figures are close to or above parity for all identified
equity groups, with the exception of NESB students where the variable performance is in
part an aberration of the small number of students involved (<150).
Overall Retention and Success Rates 1996-7
(quoted as Martin indicators where parity = 1.0):
| |
|
FINTA |
Disability |
NESB |
Rural |
Isolated |
Low SES |
Retention |
96 |
1.02 |
1.11 |
0.94 |
1.14 |
0.99 |
1.05 |
| |
97 |
1.01 |
1.10 |
1.12 |
1.13 |
0.98 |
1.00 |
Success |
96 |
1.10 |
0.96 |
0.83 |
1.08 |
0.97 |
1.01 |
| |
97 |
1.11 |
0.93 |
0.91 |
1.05 |
0.98 |
0.98 |
3. Equity Strategies and Performance:
EQUITY
STRATEGY |
TARGET |
NOTES
(information correct as at June 1998) |
Overall
student-focussed teaching and service delivery
Institutional |
All |
- Students rate the USQ learning experience highly. For
example: USQ ranks in the top quartile for the sector for the Course Experience
Questionnaire (CEQ) Indicators of Overall Satisfaction and Good Teaching, and in the top
third for GTS (Good Teaching Scale) score overall#. Student dissatisfaction
rates for Generic Skills, Good Teaching and Overall
are low (for 1997 being 7.5%, 17.4% and 7.4%, respectively) and decreasing. Internal Student Evaluation of Teaching (SET) is performed on all units. For
Semester 1 1998 the overall rating of teaching on a 7-point scale with n = 7,017 was a
very favourable 5.45. For external units, the overall student rating (on a 5-point scale)
was 3.91.
|
Core
Curriculum: Communication, Computing and IT Skills, Australia in its Region
Institutional |
All |
- All undergraduate students are required to complete units in
core skills, ensuring all students have exposure to and commensurate skills development in
communications (including report writing), computing and a knowledge of this nation and
its region; and data analysis for all students studying in numerate disciplines.
- Special programs to support students in core curriculum
units have been developed.
|
Certificate/Associate
Degree/Bachelor in General Studies
Faculty of Arts |
All,
particularly
ed. disad. |
- The General Studies program stream provides an attractive
and flexible study pathway with alternative exit points for students seeking a generalist
qualification, often from a background of educational disadvantage. Sixty-five students
enrolled in these programs in 1998.
|
Teaching
programs: female students
Institutional |
Female students,
particularly in non-traditional areas of study |
The supportive
environment for female students at USQ is indicated by the following:
- t-tests performed on data obtained in a supplementary
questionnaire included with the 1997 Graduate Destination Survey (GDS)/CEQ indicated that
female graduates were either as satisfied or more satisfied than male students with 15
aspects of educational provision at USQ, including Student Services, Computer Facilities,
Library, Other On-Campus Facilities; Provision of a Friendly, Caring Environment;
Encouragement of Personal Growth; and Personal Attention#.
- A special internal study of potential barriers to females
entering postgraduate study at USQ found that no significant institution-related barriers
existed for female students in this regard - report available#.
- After several years of directed effort, female participation
in undergraduate Business has improved steadily.
- Women in Engineering Project Officer position in Faculty of
Engineering and Surveying is identifying strategies for improving female participation in
Engineering. A Strategic Plan is being developed in conjunction with the Faculty Access
and Equity Committee.
- Despite the low proportion of women in undergraduate
Engineering, female transfers into postgraduate Engineering is very high, being ten times
the level expected for parity.
|
Girls in
Maths and Science Summer School
Institutional |
Prospect. female
students |
- The Summer School has been conducted annually since 1989,
involving 96 Year 10 girls per annum.
- A report by an independent evaluator is developed each year#
and widely distributed.
- A three-year longitudinal study of Girls in Maths and
Science Summer School is occurring between 1997-99.
|
Overall
Teaching to Students with Disabilities and Disabilities Services
Institutional / Student Services |
Students with
Disabilities |
- USQ has the fourth highest proportion of students reporting
some form of disability - at 4.1% of students.
- The Disabilities Program is based on early contact,
proactive support and accommodation of student needs. Demand for special equipment,
brailleing and hearing interpretation services have increased. A comprehensive student
survey was initiated in 1997 to identify student needs and evaluate services - results
available#.
- The supportive environment for students with disabilities at
USQ is indicated by the fact that t-tests performed on 1997 CEQ data indicated that
students with disabilities were either as satisfied or more satisfied than students
without disabilities with 15 aspects of educational provision at USQ, including Student
Services, Student Association, Computer Facilities, Library, Other On-Campus Facilities;
as well as the provision of a Friendly, Caring Environment, the encouragement of Personal
Growth and Personal Attention#.
- Director, Student Services and Disabilities Counsellor are
both members of Higher Education Disabilities Network (HEDN), the Tertiary Education
Disabilities Council of Australia (TEDCA) and Tertiary Initiatives for People with
Disabilities (TIPD).
- Unitaste
is a three day program to
introduce regional secondary school students with disabilities to university life. Current
USQ students with disabilities act as mentors in this program
|
Tertiary
Preparation Program (TPP): enabling program
OPACS / Student Services |
Ed. disad. |
- Is the second largest, and largest free-to-student, enabling
program in Australian higher education.
- The TPP program is accredited by the USQ Academic Board, and
guarantees u/g entry for all who pass.
- Annual enrolments to 1998 have been in the order of 650-700
students over half of whom are allowed to study free of charge on the basis of recognised
disadvantage.
- The program is regularly and routinely evaluated. For
example, TPP New Units Evaluation Report, OPACS, March 1998 - report available#.
|
Correctional
Services Program
OPACS |
Students in
correctl centres |
- A subset of the TPP Program that has offered educational
opportunities to offenders in custody since 1989.
- 60 students of both genders enrol each year, a significant
proportion going on to study in u/g programs.
- The program is regularly reviewed and is highly valued by
the Queensland Corrective Services Commission.
|
Outreach
Services: the student support section of the DEC that manages the Regional Liaison
Officer (RLO) Network [25 RLOs located in 21 centres across Eastern Australia], telephone
and audiographic tutorials, residential schools and student support systems, such as
Learning Circles.
Institutional / DEC |
External
Students, particularly rural / isolated students, students with disabilities and students
in correctl centres |
- All Distance Education Centre (DEC) programs are rigorously
planned, evaluated and reviewed - The DEC was awarded ISO9001 Quality Accreditation in
December 1997.
- Procedures are in place as part of the DEC ISO9001
accreditation for student evaluation of external units, telephone/audiographic tutorials
and residential schools. These are used as a basis for continual improvement
- Evaluation of external units typically involve student evaluation.
A bank of 20 questions is used for external unit evaluation (most recent overall response
rate 51.8%). As examples of overall performance (on a scale of 5.0): q1. Clear
Objectives, mean = 4.40; q2. Clear Content, mean = 3.88; q3.
Reasonable Workload, mean = 3.75; q4. Well Organised Materials,
mean = 3.86; ... q20. Assess Overall Learning Experience, mean = 3.91.
- Equipment upgrade of RLO network continues, including
internet access, e-mail and facsimile capabilities.
- Audiographic tutorials have been upgraded to use the
software FarSite which is a remote conference facility offered via the internet.
. |
Regional
Scholarships (9 @ $2500-$5000 and Rural Residential Scholarships (6 per annum @
$1000 and free accommodation) programs
Institutional |
School leavers
from rural / isolated areas |
- Regional scholarships are awarded on academic merit; rural
residential scholarships are awarded on the basis of financial need.
- Three regional and seven rural residential scholarship
holders graduated last year; all regional scholarship holders and fourteen rural
residential scholarship holders are continuing to study.
- University-owned and operated residential colleges ensure
affordable accommodation is available close to campus for all students who wish to travel
to Toowoomba from rural / isolated areas to study.
|
Learning
Centre
- drop-in support
- diagnostic testing
- workshops OPACS
|
All,
particularly
ed. disad,
NESB |
- 1,500 students have contact with the Centre per annum for
mathematics and communications support, diagnostic testing and special workshops, with
student use increasing.
- Regular student evaluation of services is conducted -
outcomes have been favourable.
- Learning Centre Annual Report Jan.-Dec. 1997
is
available#.
|
Proctor
Program, Supplemental Instruction (SI) and Distance Peer-Assisted Learning Sessions
(Distance PALS)
Faculty of Business / OPACS |
Ed. disad.
And
Rural / isolated |
- Proctor Programs and SI (learning assistance by trained peer
tutors) are now conducted in challenging first year units in Business, Accounting,
Economics and Law . Distance PALS is an adaptation of SI for distance units and has been
successfully applied to one unit: 51008 Economics.
- The programs for each unit of study are routinely evaluated
all reports are available#. The programs have been particularly
successful among students entering study on OP 13 with GPAs amongst attendees
significantly higher than for non-attendees and pass rates almost doubling in some units
with more units planned.
|
Mathematics
Support Programs
OPACS / Faculties |
Ed. disad. And
females |
- Foundation Maths Program:
offers alternative first year
maths unit in many u/g courses. In 1997 500 students enrolled in this unit and 260 were
selected for preparatory maths support.
- Engineering in Practice
unit introduced
incorporating maths and communications support.
- Engineering Support Program
implemented for 258 students
enrolled in Algebra and Calculus I. A long term (7 year) study of internal Beng students
indicates that 74% of students participating in the program pass first year maths compared
with only 45% passing for the group that did not participate report available#.
|
USQ: Wide
Bay Student Equity and Academic Support USQ: Wide Bay |
Rural students
and
ed. disad. |
- The USQ Wide bay Branch campus.
- SI (for 90502 in S2 97 and 51002 in SI 98)
involving 27 and 17 students respectively reviewed favourably#.
- Learning Centre: 120 student contacts over 42 sessions
across 16 subjects during Semester 1 98.
- Academic Orientation workshops and Study Skills tutorials
attended by 30 students each.
|
Strategies
for Students from Non-English-Speaking Backgrounds (NESB)
Institutional /
Student Equity Committee |
NESB |
- The fee-paying OPACS supplementary courses English
for Academic Purposes (EAP) and English for Specific Purposes (ESP), are now
available to domestic NESB students free-of-charge.
- The ExcelL Program offered by Students
Services involved six three hour workshops in cross-cultural communication and adaptation
involving 17 Australian and 16 international students. Program evaluation involving pre-
and post-program participant questionnaires is available#.
- Community awareness
such as the extensive campus
programs celebrating Multicultural Week.
- A brochure detailing the support services available to
NESB students was developed and is routinely posted to all NESB students
brochures for both internal and external NESB students are available#.
- Consideration is being given to rationalising the use of
bilingual dictionaries in examinations.
|
EQUITY
STRATEGY |
TARGET |
NOTES
(information correct as at June 1998) |
Student
Equity Committee: a standing committee of the Vice-Chancellors Committee (VCC),
and policy development.
Institutional |
- Wide representation from management, equity interests,
Academic Board and student body.
- Provides leadership, advocacy and a focus for educational
equity at USQ; and regularly monitors enrolment trends and performance data.
- Exit survey of drop-outs routinely conducted by
Student Services to enable a review of attrition bases and trends.
- OPACS Policy Document: Academic Learning Support Programs#
provides a framework for academic learning support.
- Development of Policy on Inclusive Practice and Language is
well advanced.
|
USQ
Equity in Education Policy #
Institutional |
- Complements the broad suite of social justice policies now
in place including the unique USQ Policy on Multiculturalism#.
- The implementation of all policies and associated programs
are reviewed, including those under legislative guidelines.
|
Student
Services: full range of counselling services, psych. Testing, drop-in advice,
Peer-assisted Learning, Learning Enhancement Student Services |
- Full range of student services available on-campus, and via
telephone and other media to external students and out of hours. Use of internet in
service increasing.
- Developing Your Study Skills at University# handbook used in
the Learning Enhancement Program updated; the Peer Counselling Program expanded
in terms of the number of sessions held and the number of counsellors, Regional Study
Skills Workshops conducted total occasions for all services in semester 1
1998=1,831.
- A student counsellor position for USQ: Wide Bay will be
introduced from 1999.
|
Prospective
Student Awareness, including school links, career counselling, etc.
Student Admin./Student Services. / MPR |
- Student satisfaction with the services offered by Student
Administration is extremely high according to both CEQ and internal student surveys#.
- School links and prospective student advice feature strongly
in the Marketing and Public Relations strategies for prospective students. During the
reporting period, approx. 200 schools were visited 65% of these in rural areas
and 40 educational markets attended. Mailouts to schools, parent information
evenings, campus tours and workshops are also conducted.
|
Recognition
of Prior Learning and Credit Transfer
Faculties / Student Admin. |
- The majority of USQ students may be classed as
non-traditional. The median age of students is 27 years - the fifth highest
for the sector. For this student constituency, RPL and credit transfer arrangements must
be in place to cater for needs.
- Special RPL and credit transfer databases exist - for
example, the Faculty of Business EAGLE system.
|
Staff
Development in equity, anti-discrimination and inclusivity
Institutional |
Activities
during the current reporting period include:
- Teaching for Diversity Workshop (EO Office - Feb.-Mar.
1998).
- Inclusivity awareness activities - USQNews articles,
speaker series, brochures (Student Equity Committee working party).
- Program on multiculturalism and racism (EO Office -
Oct.-Nov. 1998) to support the USQ Policy on Multiculturalism#.
|
Equity
Research
Institutional |
- Staff activities are detailed in papers and reports#
available in the areas of inclusivity, student preparation particularly in mathematics,
in-context support, barriers to participation and the special needs of groups-at-risk
(females in non-traditional areas, NESB students, young male students, adult students),
and the innovative use of educational technologies.
- Institutional research on equity performance conducted
routinely both within individual sections and centrally by the University Planning and
Statistical Office and EEO Office.
|
3. Report on Merit-Based Equity Scholarships
USQ was awarded 25 EFTSU in 1997 and 50 EFTSU
in 1998 in Merit-Based (HECS-exemption) Equity Scholarships from the Commonwealth. For
each year these were allocated in accordance with the Guidelines provided by DEETYA.
For the 1997 round, the allocation of scholarships
and the development of guidelines by the Commonwealth occurred very close to the
commencement of the academic year. Hence, although the socio-economically disadvantaged
were identified by USQ as the highest priority grouping for these awards, there was
insufficient time to put in place an equitable selection process for applicants for that
year. As a result, the scholarships for that year were awarded to two groups with the
poorest participation rates at USQ - Indigenous students entering undergraduate programs
and women in undergraduate Engineering - in the hope of gaining significant improvements
in these areas. Preference was given for applicants who could demonstrate financial
disadvantage. The availability of scholarships was promoted through the press and standard
prospective student awareness channels.
For 1998, the scholarships were awarded purely on
the basis of socio-economic disadvantage (those in receipt of 75% or more of
Austudy/Abstudy or other Social Security benefit), particularly to students with home
addresses in remote locations and to Indigenous students. The availability of scholarships
was promoted through the rural press, and through application packages forwarded to rural
schools in Queensland and northern New South Wales, and to Centrelink offices.
As at June 1998, 37.5 EFTSU in scholarships had
been accounted for, including 16.6 EFTSU for 1997 scholarship holders continuing on
scholarships in 1998. A total of 51 students were involved (27 of whom were 1997
scholarship holders). USQ is finalising arrangements to allocate the remaining 12.5 EFTSU
to deserving students entering undergraduate programs in Semester 2 after graduating from
the Tertiary Preparation Program. Current student demographics follow:
| |
Group |
Enrols |
EFTSU |
# Male |
# Fem |
# Internal |
# External |
Age |
Av Age |
97 |
Fem in Eng |
21 |
12.5 |
0 |
21 |
9 |
12 |
18-54 |
28 |
| |
Indig / Low
SES |
6 |
4.124 |
1 |
5 |
4 |
2 |
22-38 |
31.5 |
98 |
Indig / Low
SES |
7 |
6.812 |
3 |
4 |
7 |
0 |
17-20 |
18 |
| |
R&I / Low
SES |
16 |
13.874 |
2 |
14 |
12 |
4 |
17-42 |
20 |
| |
NESB/Low SES |
1 |
0.25 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
35 |
35 |
| 4. Contact Officer: |
Professor Susan Bambrick
Deputy Vice-Chancellor and Chair, Student Equity Committee.
Ph: (07) 4631 2189;
Fax: (07) 4631 2782;
E-mail: bambrick@usq.edu.au |
# A range of documents, papers and
reports are referred to throughout the course of this Plan. All are available on request.
Please contact: Mr John Clarke, Manager, Strategic Policy and
Planning, USQ, Toowoomba, Q 4350. Ph: (07) 4631 2884. Fax: (07) 4631 2782;
E-mail: clarke@usq.edu.au |