University of Southern Queensland

OVERVIEW: USQ’s status as a regional university, and a major provider of education at a distance and flexible delivery, position it as a leader in student-focussed higher education. The University’s teaching and student services are consistently rated highly in the annual Course Experience Questionnaire and in internal surveys#. This student-focus - a responsiveness to the needs of its diverse student catchment; a desire to foster an effective overall learning environment; and a leadership role in the innovative use of educational technologies - form the basis of the University’s approach to student equity and its capacity to provide opportunities for access with success to a diverse student body. The majority of USQ’s students may be considered as ‘non-traditional’. Up to three-quarters of USQ students study externally, and the median age of students is 27 years - the fifth highest for the sector. USQ has a high proportion of students from the most disadvantaged groups. In particular, in terms of the proportion of equity groups in its student body the University is ranked second in the sector for people from low socio-economic backgrounds (almost one in three of USQ’s students are from this grouping, over twice the sector average; while the USQ student body has one of the highest levels of Austudy recipience); ranked fourth for students with disabilities; fourth for rural and sixth for geographically isolated students.

A diverse and integrated group of Student Services have been developed to respond to the USQ student needs focussing on disability, careers and employment, health, financial assistance, accommodation, welfare, counselling, learning enhancement and peer counselling. These services are offered to both on-campus and external students for the latter utilising email, night telephone career and counselling services, news groups, fax and services provided at the Brisbane Centre and Wide Bay Campus. Regional weekend workshops are also provided. The Career Services also offer a structured career planning and counselling program for external students. In addition, USQ has in place a range of academic learning support programs that comprise a major feature of the University’s equity effort. Academic learning support services are grouped in a dedicated academic unit - the Office of Preparatory and Continuing Studies (OPACS). The centre-piece of the OPACS programs is the Tertiary Preparation Program (TPP). This is the second largest overall, and largest free-to-student, enabling program in the Australian higher education sector, providing a semester-long accredited preparatory / readiness program for educationally disadvantaged students with guaranteed entry into undergraduate programs at USQ for all students who successfully complete the course. Other OPACS equity programs include the Learning Centre, Supplemental Instruction, Distance Peer-Assisted Learning Sessions, Foundation Skills, English for Specific Purposes, Communications Skills Enhancement Program and in-context maths support programs in Engineering, Nursing and Economics.

However, it is important to appreciate that equity is a mainstream concern at USQ. An updated Equity in Education Policy# was approved by Council on 22 June 1998 which articulates the linkages between the University’s teaching and learning programs and its role in promoting sector-wide equity goals; and obliges: "all managers and decision makers to ensure that educational equity is included as a consideration in all matters of policy development, forward planning and performance review within the University." The Student Equity Committee, whose purpose is to: "provide leadership, advocacy and a focus for educational equity at USQ" exists as a standing committee of the Vice-Chancellor’s Committee and is chaired by the Deputy Vice-Chancellor.

The institutional emphases on distance education and student-focused learning, together with institutional initiatives such as the introduction of a Bachelor of General Studies and the long-term use of compulsory core curriculum in communications and computing, reflect USQ’s commitment to catering for the needs of a diverse student body. The University maintains OPACS, Equal Opportunity (EO) Office, Student Services and Outreach Services as its principal student support sections.

1. USQ Equity Objective: The following appears in both the University of Southern Queensland Strategic Plan 1999-2003 and the USQ Equity in Education Policy:

The Principal Equity Objective of the University of Southern Queensland is to provide opportunities for access to all groups in Australian society and equitable opportunities for their success.

2. Overall Equity Performance: USQ has a high proportion of students from the most disadvantaged groups. In particular, in terms of the proportion of equity groups in its student body the University is ranked second in the sector for people from low socio-economic backgrounds (29.5%); ranked fourth for students with disabilities (4.1%); fourth for rural students (52.0%); and sixth for isolated students (5.3%). The proportion of females in Business has risen to now be at acceptable levels. Progress in raising female enrolment in Engineering has proven more difficult, largely due to the nature of USQ’s courses that tend to recruit students from the existing professions which itself represents a gender-biased population. The sector-wide trend to increase fee-paying arrangements in postgraduate coursework has been associated with a not unexpected deterioration of participation by females in these courses. As with other regional universities, USQ has never attracted large numbers of Australian students from non-English-speaking backgrounds (NESB).

USQ’s overall equity performance is very sound. Retention and Success figures are close to or above parity for all identified equity groups, with the exception of NESB students where the variable performance is in part an aberration of the small number of students involved (<150).

Overall Retention and Success Rates 1996-7
(quoted as ‘Martin indicators’ where parity = 1.0):

   

FINTA

Disability

NESB

Rural

Isolated

Low SES

Retention

‘96

1.02

1.11

0.94

1.14

0.99

1.05

 

‘97

1.01

1.10

1.12

1.13

0.98

1.00

Success

‘96

1.10

0.96

0.83

1.08

0.97

1.01

 

‘97

1.11

0.93

0.91

1.05

0.98

0.98

3. Equity Strategies and Performance:

EQUITY STRATEGY

TARGET

NOTES (information correct as at June 1998)

Overall student-focussed teaching and service delivery

 

 

Institutional

All

  • Students rate the USQ learning experience highly. For example: USQ ranks in the top quartile for the sector for the Course Experience Questionnaire (CEQ) Indicators of Overall Satisfaction and Good Teaching, and in the top third for GTS (Good Teaching Scale) score overall#. Student dissatisfaction rates for ‘Generic Skills’, ‘Good Teaching’ and ‘Overall’ are low (for 1997 being 7.5%, 17.4% and 7.4%, respectively) and decreasing. Internal Student Evaluation of Teaching (SET) is performed on all units. For Semester 1 1998 the overall rating of teaching on a 7-point scale with n = 7,017 was a very favourable 5.45. For external units, the overall student rating (on a 5-point scale) was 3.91.

Core Curriculum: Communication, Computing and IT Skills, Australia in its Region Institutional

All

  • All undergraduate students are required to complete units in core skills, ensuring all students have exposure to and commensurate skills development in communications (including report writing), computing and a knowledge of this nation and its region; and data analysis for all students studying in numerate disciplines.
  • Special programs to support students in core curriculum units have been developed.

Certificate/Associate Degree/Bachelor in General Studies

Faculty of Arts

All, particularly

ed. disad.

  • The General Studies program stream provides an attractive and flexible study pathway with alternative exit points for students seeking a generalist qualification, often from a background of educational disadvantage. Sixty-five students enrolled in these programs in 1998.

Teaching programs: female students

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Institutional

Female students, particularly in non-traditional areas of study

The supportive environment for female students at USQ is indicated by the following:

  • t-tests performed on data obtained in a supplementary questionnaire included with the 1997 Graduate Destination Survey (GDS)/CEQ indicated that female graduates were either as satisfied or more satisfied than male students with 15 aspects of educational provision at USQ, including Student Services, Computer Facilities, Library, Other On-Campus Facilities; Provision of a Friendly, Caring Environment; Encouragement of Personal Growth; and Personal Attention#.
  • A special internal study of potential barriers to females entering postgraduate study at USQ found that no significant institution-related barriers existed for female students in this regard - report available#.
  • After several years of directed effort, female participation in undergraduate Business has improved steadily.
  • Women in Engineering Project Officer position in Faculty of Engineering and Surveying is identifying strategies for improving female participation in Engineering. A Strategic Plan is being developed in conjunction with the Faculty Access and Equity Committee.
  • Despite the low proportion of women in undergraduate Engineering, female transfers into postgraduate Engineering is very high, being ten times the level expected for parity.

Girls in Maths and Science Summer School

Institutional

Prospect. female students

  • The Summer School has been conducted annually since 1989, involving 96 Year 10 girls per annum.
  • A report by an independent evaluator is developed each year# and widely distributed.
  • A three-year longitudinal study of Girls in Maths and Science Summer School is occurring between 1997-99.

Overall Teaching to Students with Disabilities and Disabilities Services

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Institutional / Student Services

Students with Disabilities

  • USQ has the fourth highest proportion of students reporting some form of disability - at 4.1% of students.
  • The Disabilities Program is based on early contact, proactive support and accommodation of student needs. Demand for special equipment, brailleing and hearing interpretation services have increased. A comprehensive student survey was initiated in 1997 to identify student needs and evaluate services - results available#.
  • The supportive environment for students with disabilities at USQ is indicated by the fact that t-tests performed on 1997 CEQ data indicated that students with disabilities were either as satisfied or more satisfied than students without disabilities with 15 aspects of educational provision at USQ, including Student Services, Student Association, Computer Facilities, Library, Other On-Campus Facilities; as well as the provision of a Friendly, Caring Environment, the encouragement of Personal Growth and Personal Attention#.
  • Director, Student Services and Disabilities Counsellor are both members of Higher Education Disabilities Network (HEDN), the Tertiary Education Disabilities Council of Australia (TEDCA) and Tertiary Initiatives for People with Disabilities (TIPD).
  • Unitaste is a threeday program to introduce regional secondary school students with disabilities to university life. Current USQ students with disabilities act as mentors in this program

Tertiary Preparation Program (TPP): enabling program

 

 

OPACS / Student Services

Ed. disad.

  • Is the second largest, and largest free-to-student, enabling program in Australian higher education.
  • The TPP program is accredited by the USQ Academic Board, and guarantees u/g entry for all who pass.
  • Annual enrolments to 1998 have been in the order of 650-700 students over half of whom are allowed to study free of charge on the basis of recognised disadvantage.
  • The program is regularly and routinely evaluated. For example, TPP New Units Evaluation Report, OPACS, March 1998 - report available#.

Correctional Services Program

OPACS

Students in correct’l centres

  • A subset of the TPP Program that has offered educational opportunities to offenders in custody since 1989.
  • 60 students of both genders enrol each year, a significant proportion going on to study in u/g programs.
  • The program is regularly reviewed and is highly valued by the Queensland Corrective Services Commission.

Outreach Services: the student support section of the DEC that manages the Regional Liaison Officer (RLO) Network [25 RLOs located in 21 centres across Eastern Australia], telephone and audiographic tutorials, residential schools and student support systems, such as Learning Circles.

Institutional / DEC

External Students, particularly rural / isolated students, students with disabilities and students in correct’l centres

  • All Distance Education Centre (DEC) programs are rigorously planned, evaluated and reviewed - The DEC was awarded ISO9001 Quality Accreditation in December 1997.
  • Procedures are in place as part of the DEC ISO9001 accreditation for student evaluation of external units, telephone/audiographic tutorials and residential schools. These are used as a basis for continual improvement
  • Evaluation of external units typically involve student evaluation. A bank of 20 questions is used for external unit evaluation (most recent overall response rate 51.8%). As examples of overall performance (on a scale of 5.0): q1. ‘Clear Objectives’, mean = 4.40; q2. ‘Clear Content’, mean = 3.88; q3. ‘Reasonable Workload’, mean = 3.75; q4. ‘Well Organised Materials’, mean = 3.86; ... q20. ‘Assess Overall Learning Experience’, mean = 3.91.
  • Equipment upgrade of RLO network continues, including internet access, e-mail and facsimile capabilities.
  • Audiographic tutorials have been upgraded to use the software FarSite which is a remote conference facility offered via the internet.

.

Regional Scholarships (9 @ $2500-$5000 and Rural Residential Scholarships (6 per annum @ $1000 and free accommodation) programs

Institutional

School leavers from rural / isolated areas

  • Regional scholarships are awarded on academic merit; rural residential scholarships are awarded on the basis of financial need.
  • Three regional and seven rural residential scholarship holders graduated last year; all regional scholarship holders and fourteen rural residential scholarship holders are continuing to study.
  • University-owned and operated residential colleges ensure affordable accommodation is available close to campus for all students who wish to travel to Toowoomba from rural / isolated areas to study.

Learning Centre

  • drop-in support
  • diagnostic testing
  • workshops OPACS

All, particularly

ed. disad,

NESB

  • 1,500 students have contact with the Centre per annum for mathematics and communications support, diagnostic testing and special workshops, with student use increasing.
  • Regular student evaluation of services is conducted - outcomes have been favourable.
  • Learning Centre Annual Report Jan.-Dec. 1997 is available#.

Proctor Program, Supplemental Instruction (SI) and Distance Peer-Assisted Learning Sessions (Distance PALS)

Faculty of Business / OPACS

Ed. disad.

And

Rural / isolated

  • Proctor Programs and SI (learning assistance by trained peer tutors) are now conducted in challenging first year units in Business, Accounting, Economics and Law . Distance PALS is an adaptation of SI for distance units and has been successfully applied to one unit: 51008 Economics.
  • The programs for each unit of study are routinely evaluated – all reports are available#. The programs have been particularly successful among students entering study on OP 13 with GPAs amongst attendees significantly higher than for non-attendees and pass rates almost doubling in some units with more units planned.

Mathematics Support Programs

 

 

 

OPACS / Faculties

Ed. disad. And

females

  • Foundation Maths Program: offers alternative first year maths unit in many u/g courses. In 1997 500 students enrolled in this unit and 260 were selected for preparatory maths support.
  • ‘Engineering in Practice’ unit introduced incorporating maths and communications support.
  • Engineering Support Program implemented for 258 students enrolled in Algebra and Calculus I. A long term (7 year) study of internal Beng students indicates that 74% of students participating in the program pass first year maths compared with only 45% passing for the group that did not participate – report available#.

USQ: Wide Bay – Student Equity and Academic Support USQ: Wide Bay

Rural students and

ed. disad.

  • The USQ Wide bay Branch campus.
  • SI (for 90502 in S2 ’97 and 51002 in SI ’98) involving 27 and 17 students respectively – reviewed favourably#.
  • Learning Centre: 120 student contacts over 42 sessions across 16 subjects during Semester 1 ’98.
  • Academic Orientation workshops and Study Skills tutorials attended by 30 students each.

Strategies for Students from Non-English-Speaking Backgrounds (NESB)

 

 

Institutional /

Student Equity Committee

NESB

  • The fee-paying OPACS’ supplementary courses English for Academic Purposes (EAP) and English for Specific Purposes (ESP), are now available to domestic NESB students free-of-charge.
  • The ExcelL Program offered by Students Services involved six three hour workshops in cross-cultural communication and adaptation involving 17 Australian and 16 international students. Program evaluation involving pre- and post-program participant questionnaires is available#.
  • Community awareness such as the extensive campus programs celebrating Multicultural Week.
  • A brochure detailing the support services available to NESB students was developed and is routinely posted to all NESB students – brochures for both internal and external NESB students are available#.
  • Consideration is being given to rationalising the use of bilingual dictionaries in examinations.

 

EQUITY STRATEGY

TARGET

NOTES (information correct as at June 1998)

Student Equity Committee: a standing committee of the Vice-Chancellor’s Committee (VCC), and policy development.

Institutional

  • Wide representation from management, equity interests, Academic Board and student body.
  • Provides leadership, advocacy and a focus for educational equity at USQ; and regularly monitors enrolment trends and performance data.
  • Exit survey of ‘drop-outs’ routinely conducted by Student Services to enable a review of attrition bases and trends.
  • OPACS Policy Document: Academic Learning Support Programs# provides a framework for academic learning support.
  • Development of Policy on Inclusive Practice and Language is well advanced.

USQ Equity in Education Policy #

Institutional

  • Complements the broad suite of social justice policies now in place including the unique USQ Policy on Multiculturalism#.
  • The implementation of all policies and associated programs are reviewed, including those under legislative guidelines.

Student Services: full range of counselling services, psych. Testing, drop-in advice, Peer-assisted Learning, Learning Enhancement Student Services

  • Full range of student services available on-campus, and via telephone and other media to external students and out of hours. Use of internet in service increasing.
  • Developing Your Study Skills at University# handbook used in the Learning Enhancement Program updated; the Peer Counselling Program expanded in terms of the number of sessions held and the number of counsellors, Regional Study Skills Workshops conducted – total occasions for all services in semester 1 1998=1,831.
  • A student counsellor position for USQ: Wide Bay will be introduced from 1999.

Prospective Student Awareness, including school links, career counselling, etc.

Student Admin./Student Services. / MPR

  • Student satisfaction with the services offered by Student Administration is extremely high according to both CEQ and internal student surveys#.
  • School links and prospective student advice feature strongly in the Marketing and Public Relations strategies for prospective students. During the reporting period, approx. 200 schools were visited – 65% of these in rural areas – and 40 educational markets attended. Mailouts to schools, parent information evenings, campus tours and workshops are also conducted.

Recognition of Prior Learning and Credit Transfer

Faculties / Student Admin.

  • The majority of USQ students may be classed as ‘non-traditional’. The median age of students is 27 years - the fifth highest for the sector. For this student constituency, RPL and credit transfer arrangements must be in place to cater for needs.
  • Special RPL and credit transfer databases exist - for example, the Faculty of Business EAGLE system.

Staff Development in equity, anti-discrimination and inclusivity

Institutional

Activities during the current reporting period include:

  • Teaching for Diversity Workshop (EO Office - Feb.-Mar. 1998).
  • Inclusivity awareness activities - USQNews articles, speaker series, brochures (Student Equity Committee working party).
  • Program on multiculturalism and racism (EO Office - Oct.-Nov. 1998) to support the USQ Policy on Multiculturalism#.

Equity Research

Institutional

  • Staff activities are detailed in papers and reports# available in the areas of inclusivity, student preparation particularly in mathematics, in-context support, barriers to participation and the special needs of groups-at-risk (females in non-traditional areas, NESB students, young male students, adult students), and the innovative use of educational technologies.
  • Institutional research on equity performance conducted routinely both within individual sections and centrally by the University Planning and Statistical Office and EEO Office.

3. Report on Merit-Based Equity Scholarships

USQ was awarded 25 EFTSU in 1997 and 50 EFTSU in 1998 in Merit-Based (HECS-exemption) Equity Scholarships from the Commonwealth. For each year these were allocated in accordance with the Guidelines provided by DEETYA.

For the 1997 round, the allocation of scholarships and the development of guidelines by the Commonwealth occurred very close to the commencement of the academic year. Hence, although the socio-economically disadvantaged were identified by USQ as the highest priority grouping for these awards, there was insufficient time to put in place an equitable selection process for applicants for that year. As a result, the scholarships for that year were awarded to two groups with the poorest participation rates at USQ - Indigenous students entering undergraduate programs and women in undergraduate Engineering - in the hope of gaining significant improvements in these areas. Preference was given for applicants who could demonstrate financial disadvantage. The availability of scholarships was promoted through the press and standard prospective student awareness channels.

For 1998, the scholarships were awarded purely on the basis of socio-economic disadvantage (those in receipt of 75% or more of Austudy/Abstudy or other Social Security benefit), particularly to students with home addresses in remote locations and to Indigenous students. The availability of scholarships was promoted through the rural press, and through application packages forwarded to rural schools in Queensland and northern New South Wales, and to Centrelink offices.

As at June 1998, 37.5 EFTSU in scholarships had been accounted for, including 16.6 EFTSU for 1997 scholarship holders continuing on scholarships in 1998. A total of 51 students were involved (27 of whom were 1997 scholarship holders). USQ is finalising arrangements to allocate the remaining 12.5 EFTSU to deserving students entering undergraduate programs in Semester 2 after graduating from the Tertiary Preparation Program. Current student demographics follow:

 

Group

Enrol’s

EFTSU

# Male

# Fem

# Internal

# External

Age

Av Age

‘97

Fem in Eng

21

12.5

0

21

9

12

18-54

28

 

Indig / Low SES

6

4.124

1

5

4

2

22-38

31.5

‘98

Indig / Low SES

7

6.812

3

4

7

0

17-20

18

 

R&I / Low SES

16

13.874

2

14

12

4

17-42

20

 

NESB/Low SES

1

0.25

1

0

0

1

35

35

 

4. Contact Officer: Professor Susan Bambrick
Deputy Vice-Chancellor and Chair, Student Equity Committee.
Ph: (07) 4631 2189;
Fax: (07) 4631 2782;
E-mail: bambrick@usq.edu.au

# A range of documents, papers and reports are referred to throughout the course of this Plan. All are available on request.

Please contact: Mr John Clarke, Manager, Strategic Policy and Planning, USQ, Toowoomba, Q 4350. Ph: (07) 4631 2884. Fax: (07) 4631 2782;
E-mail: clarke@usq.edu.au

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