University of Southern Queensland

1. Quality processes

Central to any quality assurance mechanisms are the planning and review processes for the University which detail the mission and goals of the institution, analyse the operating environment and institutional performance, set objectives, articulate strategies, assign responsibilities and timelines and detail how performance will be assessed.

1.1 University mission: "The University of Southern Queensland exists as an educational community committed to the pursuit of excellence in teaching and learning supported by appropriate scholarship and research, to the encouragement of intellectual integrity and social responsibility, and to the promotion of professional competence. This educational community is committed to nurturing the individual potential of each person and the collective potential of the whole."

1.2 University planning processes: The planning processes at USQ have three clear tiers, each occurring as part of an annual cyclical process:

Tier 1 is represented by the University Strategic Plan and the process used to develop it. It provides the overall direction for the University, setting institutional objectives, outlining broad institutional strategies for a five-year timeframe and assigning responsibilities and timelines.

Tier 2 has two components:

  • sectional strategic plans which represent sectional responses to the University Strategic Plan and provide three-to-five-year time-frames on which to base the Operational and Resource Management (Tier 3) Plans; and
  • a number of specialist institutional plans that flesh out the University Strategic Plan in specific areas (such as flexible delivery, program development, human resource management (HRM), research, equity and physical assets).

Tier 3 comprises the Operational and Resource Management Plans that are developed annually by each section. This is the stage at which the University’s vision is enacted by detailing how the allocated resources for the coming year will be spent.

1.3 Formal quality assurance mechanisms: The foundation quality assurance processes for USQ are based on the routine activities of standing committees and working parties, including the Academic Board and its subcommittees, the Information Infrastructure and Services Committee, faculty boards, program consultative committees and faculty assessment committees. In particular, for the teaching program the key processes include the course accreditation process, annual review and seven-year re-accreditation cycle – which each include input and assessment from the wider community - and student evaluation of teaching (SET). In addition, specific quality assurance processes are undertaken by each operational section. These include the use of client survey, involvement in benchmarking programs and the documentation of processes. For some sections, formal accreditation by external bodies has been sought to international quality standards such as ISO9001 of the International Organisation for Standardization (ISO). As an example:

Information Technology Services: ISO quality processes

  • ITS Quality Management Committee meets weekly to oversee the QM system.
  • Client Service Manager maintains the QM system through ensuring compliance, monitoring records maintenance, auditing, managing corrective action and reporting.
  • Client interface through maintaining QM-managed help desk services.
  • Appropriate procedures, documentation and record keeping.

Decision-making is based on the wide availability of management information, including the EIS, a PC-based management information system that is available to all managers and decision-makers.

1.4 Attributes of a USQ graduate have been articulated as a means of focussing the University community and informing key processes. USQ aims to maintain a learning environment that provides the basis for developing a graduate who is a self-starting and independent learner with an inquiring mind; who possesses practical and relevant skills; who displays creativity, innovation and sound problem solving ability; and who is able to function effectively as an individual or as part of a team in a dynamic environment. USQ will strive to ensure that its graduates possess:

  • A soundness in generic skills (literacy, computing, information management).
  • High level oral and written communication skills; and sound presentation skills.
  • In non-generalist awards, extensive knowledge and skill in a chosen discipline and the demonstration of defined practical professional skills.
  • A basic understanding of business and work practices.
  • A willingness for application to the task with the ability to adapt to changing circumstances.
  • Time management skills and the ability to work efficiently and effectively under stress.
  • Sound research and analytical skills, with a practical and flexible approach to problem solving and the capacity to be critical.
  • An ability to be discriminating and objective in the use of information.
  • A capacity for, and appreciation of, teamwork.
  • Sound interpersonal skills.
  • A capacity for leadership and sound decision making based on open-mindedness, objectivity and reasoned analysis.
  • Self esteem and self confidence.
  • The motivation to pursue and achieve challenging goals.
  • A commitment to lifelong learning and continual self improvement.
  • An appreciation of the value of diversity.
  • An observance of high professional and ethical standards.
  • An acknowledgment and acceptance of individual responsibility and accountability; and a willingness to contribute in a positive way to society.

1.5 Institutional objectives and strategies

Guiding objectives

Strategies and discussion

1.5.1 Student Profile and Teaching. Support an educational environment that is:
  • flexible: providing educational opportunities through a range of delivery modes, entry and exit pathways and teaching strategies;
  • student focussed: supporting the particular educational aims of each student;
  • pedagogically sound: providing a high quality and effective learning experience that adds educational and intellectual value by enhancing the capabilities of every student;
  • equitable: providing opportunities for access by all groups in Australian society and a learning environment that promotes success; and
  • cost effective and relevant: producing graduates who make a positive contribution to society and their nation’s future development.
Articulate the desired attributes of a USQ graduate, particularly considering employer attitudes, as a means of focussing the University community and informing key processes.
  • The University’s accreditation procedures through Academic Board and professional associations, together with such initiatives as the University’s mandatory core curriculum (in communications, computing and Australia in its region) and the full range of student support services, serve as assurance procedures for the desired graduate attributes being met.

Ensure that USQ maintains its leadership role in flexible delivery.

  • USQ has secured a leadership role in web-based delivery.
  • USQ was selected by the International Council for Distance Education as the lead institution in the Australia-Pacific region and currently hosts the ICDE Australia-Pacific Secretariat.
  • Of USQ’s distance education provision, the Commonwealth Committee for Quality Assurance in Higher Education reported in 1996 that: "An example of excellent outcomes at the University is the program in distance education .... The review team believes that ... the quality of the distance education program is significant."

Conduct and ensure responsiveness to client evaluation processes.

  • USQ utilises the annual Course Experience Questionnaire and Graduate Destination Survey results as indicators of student satisfaction and employment performance.
  • Internal surveys of client satisfaction are conducted.
  • Student Evaluation of Teaching is conducted on all units in a regular cycle. For semester 1, 1998 the overall rating of teaching on a 7-point scale from a survey of over 7,000 students was a very favourable 5.45.

à Procedures are in place for the Distance Education Centre to evaluate external units; typically using student evaluation. A bank of 20 questions is used for external unit evaluation. As examples of overall performance (on a scale of 5.0) using semester 1 1997 data: q1. ‘Clear Objectives’, mean = 4.40; q2. ‘Clear Content’, mean = 3.88; q3. ‘Reasonable Workload’, mean = 3.75; q4. ‘Well Organised Materials’, mean = 3.86; q20. ‘Assess Overall Learning Experience’, mean = 3.91.

à Student surveys and focus groups are also conducted regularly by individual faculties (eg. Business) and sections (eg. Student Services) and used as major inputs for program improvement and overall decision-making.

Encourage teaching excellence in staff.

  • USQ conducts an annual ‘Awards for Excellence’ program to encourage staff to excel in the areas of teaching, design and delivery of teaching materials, scholarship, research and administration.
 
  Concentrate student support in the first year of study as a means of targeting students at highest risk of attrition.

Maintain wide opportunities for successful participation in higher education, as reflected in a diverse student body, and remain responsive to their diverse needs.

  • The majority of USQ’s students may be considered as ‘non-traditional’. Three-quarters of USQ students study externally, and the median age of students is 27 years - the fifth highest for the sector. USQ has a high proportion of students from the most disadvantaged groups - in terms of the proportion of equity groups in its student body the University is ranked second in the sector for people from low socio-economic backgrounds; fourth for students with disabilities and rural students; and sixth for isolated students.
  • The University has experienced good growth in student recruitment from its targeted catchments in South-East Queensland, especially in urban-based external students.

Encourage quality assurance measures to be pursed by each faculty and section as appropriate to their own operation.

  • For example, all departments in the Faculty of Arts have been urged to develop departmental teaching portfolios, including the provision for peer review and discipline review, while final year undergraduate students in the Performing Arts Departments are assessed using external assessors; the Faculty of Business and the Distance Education Centre are fully accredited under the international quality standard ISO9001 (the only faculty and distance education facility in Australia to be so accredited); the Faculties of Business, of Commerce and of Sciences maintain comprehensive policy and procedures manuals which have been written consistent with quality assurance principles; the Faculty of Education Board monitors the development of a faculty quality assurance plan; the Faculty of Engineering & Surveying has maintained a faculty quality assurance committee as a subcommittee of its Faculty Management Board since 1995.
1.5.2 Learning Support and Student Care. Recognise the specific educational and social needs of individual students and seek to provide the means by which these needs can be addressed. Maintain adequate resourcing for student support services.
  • USQ ranks seventh in the sector for expenditure per equivalent full-time student unit (EFTSU) on non-library academic support services at $1,083.

Maintain the Student Equity Committee and ensure effective equity planning.

  • The annual USQ Equity Plan has consistently been rated highly by DETYA, scoring 19.5 out of a possible 20.0 in 1997.

Monitor the quality of student support provision and use this information as a basis for decision making.

  • Student survey is used judiciously as a means of monitoring client satisfaction and the quality of service delivery in several areas - including Student Administration, Student Services, the Library and Residential Colleges.
  • The Library conducts surveys (shelving, turnaround, and acquisitions) and benchmarking in cataloguing, and regularly monitors the standard performance measures introduced by the Council of Australia University Librarians for library/clientele congruence, document delivery and materials availability.
 
1.5.3 Internationalisation. Maintain an international outlook; provide linkages between the university community and the global community to the mutual benefit of both; and encourage intercultural understanding and respect. Maintain USQ’s leadership role in international education.
  • With over 3000 international students studying in their home country by distance education and a further 1000 international students studying in Australia, USQ has the fourth largest international education program in the Australian higher education sector, and the largest off-shore distance education international education program - recruiting from around 50 countries.
  • USQ’s commitment to international distance education was recognised by the award of a grant from the AT&T Foundation for a Global Learning Initiative (Graduate Certificate in Open & Distance Learning via the Internet) - described by an independent EIP study as "state-of-the-art in international delivery, curriculum content and form."
  • INDELTA, the business arm of USQ has recently negotiated commercial ventures in Germany, the USA and South Africa.

Maintain international links in its areas of expertise.

  • As just one example, the Director, Distance Education Centre, recently accepted an invitation to be a member of the International Advisory Board of the Centre for Research in Distance and Adult Learning at the Hong Kong Open University; and the Indira Gandhi National Open University to become a member of the Editorial Advisory Board of the international journal Indian Journal of Open Learning.

Ensure the quality of the management of international provision.

  • The International Education Centre has commenced documenting quality assurance procedures.
1.5.4 Research, including research higher degrees. Encourage scholarly activities at all levels of operation and develop identified niche research strengths to enrich the teaching program and to play a significant role in knowledge generation. Base research priorities and directions on the USQ Conceptual Framework for Research
  • USQ’s research effort puts a strong emphasis on areas which support the teaching and learning program - such as flexible learning, student support, workplace and community learning, and program management - as well as a strong focus on areas of importance to the local region - Land Use Study Centre, Health Sciences, National Centre for Engineering in Agriculture – and niche strengths.

Ensure the quality of research management .

  • The Office of Research and Higher Degrees has documented quality assurance procedures.
1.5.5 Community Service. Utilise the strengths of the University to contribute to the economic, social and cultural development of the region and the nation. Provide services that meet identified community needs.
  • USQ provides a range of important services to its region - including the Performing Arts Centre, Regional Accountancy Service, Land Use Study Centre, Family Counselling, and Continuing Education Community Program; a range of advisory services to industry and specific professions; and the hosting of events such as the annual Regional Issues Forum and Indigenous Pathways Conference.

Engage in key community partnerships.

  • USQ is a member of key partnerships with organisations such as DPI, TAFE Qld, and Toowoomba Hospital Service.
  • USQ also serves the professions through applied research and consultancy, and by providing updating conferences and workshops, and acting as a link between professional organisations and local practitioners.

 

1.5.6 Staff Profile and Human Resource Management. Provide a safe and supportive work environment based on respect for the individual, professional excellence and integrity, and appropriate accountability; and provide stimulating and professionally satisfying work experiences for staff. Ensure effective and equitable human resource management.
  • USQ was the first University in Queensland to utilise the new Workplace Relations Act 1996 and make a comprehensive enterprise agreement that came into force in July 1997 covering both academic and general staff.
  • USQ achieved the staff re-profiling necessitated by the dramatic reduction in government funding from 1996 in an exemplary manner - achieved largely through voluntary separations and requiring only 12 involuntary separations - achieving a net salary saving of $4m.
  • The University has made considerable progress in developing policies, procedures and practices relating to equal opportunity.

Ensure the quality of human resource management.

  • The Human Resources section is a member of a HR benchmarking scheme involving universities and other business organisations.
1.5.7 Financial and Physical Resource Management. Ensure that the institution’s organisation and operational processes serve to support its culture and mission; that operational efficiency and effectiveness are optimised; and that the university remains open and accountable to all of its stakeholders. Maintain USQ as a "learning organisation".
  • The Continuous Improvement Policy (s3.10 of the University Calendar) states a commitment for the Vice-Chancellor to: "… encourage the development of a continuous improvement culture by providing annual funding for continuous improvement initiatives." Over 50 individual quality improvement projects have been funded.
  • The Faculty of Business, Distance Education Centre and ITS are accredited to the international quality standard ISO9001 - requiring six-monthly external audits. The USQ bookshop has received second party accreditation to international quality standard ISO9002. A number of other sections - including Faculty of E&S, International Education Centre, Continuing Education, Office of Research and Higher Degrees, and Buildings & Facilities have begun documenting quality assurance procedures.
  • Benchmarking is used effectively by several sections - including the Library, Human Resources and Financial Services.

Regularly review planning, operations and structures.

  • USQ maintains an annual cycle of planning and review.
  • USQ has recently completed a major review of all organisational structures and processes.

Ensure accountability to stakeholders.

  • Accountability to stakeholders is ensured through a range of regular open reporting exercises - from mandatory reporting to bodies such as Queensland Treasury, Affirmative Action Agency and DETYA; to the widespread availability of documents such as the USQ Strategic Plan, USQ Strategic Directions and USQ Annual Report.
  • All course accreditation submissions must include a consideration of such factors as ‘evidence of demand for the courses’, ‘projected enrolments’, and ‘ability to meet human and physical resources’ (including Library and ITS assessments).
  • The University is continuing to implement its Capital Management Plan and increasing its efficient use of technology.
 

 

2. Quality outcomes

Status /Performance Indicator

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

Benchmark

             
2.1 Student profile and teaching            
Status            
Total Student Enrolments

13 462

16 048

17 858

18 462

19 208

middle-sized

Total Student Load (EFTSU)

7776

8575

9453

9706

9806

middle-sized

Client Satisfaction            
CEQ: % Good Teaching Satisfaction1

41.0

39.6

42.0

42.2

-

#2

CEQ: % Good Teach. Dissatisfaction1

7.9

7.1

8.0

7.5

-

#2

CEQ: % Generic Skills Satisfaction1

69.5

74.4

74.0

69.9

-

#2

CEQ: % Generic Skills Dissatisfaction1

19.5

19.2

18.5

17.4

-

#2

CEQ: % Overall Rating Satisfaction1

66.7

67.8

69.5

70.3

-

#2

CEQ: % Overall Rating Dissatisfaction1

8.4

9.3

7.3

7.4

-

#2

Internal (SET3) Evaluation of Teaching

#

#

#

#

5.45

7 = excellent

Outcomes            
Student Attrition (%)

26

24

27

28

-

’96 Sector: 22

Student Progression (%)

77

76

74

75

-

’96 Sector: 85

Graduations

2056

2373

2597

2818

-

 
GDS: Graduate % in FT Study4

9.2

8.2

9.2

8.7

-

’97 Qld 19.1

GDS: Availability of Grads. % in FT Employ. 4

82.7

85.9

87.5

85.7

-

’97 Qld 80.5

GDS: Median Starting Salary4

27 000

30 000

30 000

31 000

-

’97 Qld 30 000

GDS: Avail. Grads. % Seeking FT Employ.4

17.3

14.1

12.5

14.2

-

’97 Qld 19.5

 
Flexibility5            
% Enrolments External

68

72

73

74

74

Highest

% Enrolments Multi-modal

7

6

7

8

9

’96 Sector: 2.8

Web-based units offered

0

0

0

22

44

 
Web-based unit enrolments

0

0

0

991

1674

 
Equity            
% Student Body: Low SES

32

31

29

29

28

’98 Sector: 15

% Student Body: Rural/Isolated

61

58

55

56

54

’98 Sector: 19

% Student Body with Disabilities

#

#

5

4

4

’98 Sector: 2

% Student Body over 25 Years of Age

61

62

64

62

63

’98 Sector: 40

Enrolments in Enabling Programs

239

195

368

432

413

’97 Sector: 115

2.2 Learning support and student care            
% Central Expenditure on Library

4.6

5.2

5.9

5.2

-

’96 Sector: 5.3

Library Volumes

#

230k

200k

230k

251k

 
% Central Expenditure on Student Services

4.4

3.9

3.6

3.7

-

’96 Sector: 4.2

% Central Expenditure on "Other Academic Support"

12.5

12.0

11.7

13.2

-

’96 Sector: 4.9

Outreach: Total Student Inquiries

64 117

75 300

87 495

88 071

-

 
Outreach: Turnaround Time on Inquiries (d)

1.60

1.70

1.35

1.40

-

 
 
Status /Performance Indicator

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

Benchmark

             
The 1995 student opinion survey 6            
Approachability of Staff: Dissatisfied %  

4

       
Course of Study: Dissatisfied %  

8

       
Non-Academic Services: Dissatisfied %  

5

       
2.3 Internationalisation            
International Student Enrolments

1750

2656

3405

3783

4021

 
As % of Total Student Enrolments

13

17

19

20

21

’98 Sector: 10

Gross Income Int’l Education ($,000)

7706

9141

11 391

15 102

e.14 298

 
Market Breadth6

12

15

21

20

21

 
2.4 Research, including research higher degrees            
Research Load (EFTSU)

#

93.9

94.4

119.9

126.8

 
Research Completions (PhD+Masters)

15

17

20

17

e33

 
Total Research Income ($’000)

1069

1626

1988

1419

e1691

 
USQ Allocation to Research ($’000)8

130

825

985

1065

1045

 
2.5 Community service            
Domestic Non-Award Enrolments

827

854

651

670

933

 
Total McGregor Schools Enrolments9

827

651

636

589

640

 
Performance Centre: Theatre Attend.10

5324

7989

9385

8895

7237 to Nov.
Performance Centre: Music Attend.10

3810

3564

5707

3769

2095 to Nov.
 
Performance Centre: Music Attend.10

3810

3564

5707

3769

2095 to Nov.
Benefits to Toowoomba11

1992

         
Adds to Region Output ($m)

137

 

163

     
Direct and Indirect Jobs

2819

 

3532

     
2.6 Staff profile and human resource management        
Total Staff (FTE)

1019

1102

1176

1235

1138

mid-range

% Academic Staff Tenurable

52

58

51

49

52

’96 Sector: 49

% Academic A-B who are Female

37

40

39

37

38

 
% Academic C-E who are Female

12

11

14

18

21

 
% Academic Staff with PhD

17.5

 

29.7

 

39.1

96 sector: 50.2

Staff Turnover Rate (%)12

6.7

6.7

5.8

13.612a

e7.0

lower quartile

2.7 Financial and physical resource management          
Liquidity Ratio (Ratio of Current Assets to Current Liabilities)

3.01

3.17

3.08

3.10

e3.0

amongst the best for sector

% Income from Non-Governt Sources

27

26

30

31

e32

’97 Sector: 32

Useable Floor Area (m2)

#

64 451

70 312

75 065

75 065

 

 

(continued)

 

 

Notes: Status and performance indicators are based on DETYA data sources and definitions unless otherwise indicated. All enrolment numbers are based on DETYA’s 1994 scope definition of enrolments.

  1. ‘CEQ’ refers to the Course Experience Questionnaire conducted annually by the Graduate Careers Council of Australia (GCCA) and analysed by the Australian Council for Educational Research (ACER), as published by the GCCA. The CEQ is a survey of recent graduates for 25 items, generally graded on a scale of 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). The results of 3 items for USQ are listed; for each showing % ‘Satisfied’ (4 or 5) and ‘Dissatisfied (1 or 2).
  2. As noted in the publication 1997 CEQ (p.108): "The GDS and CEQ data are not suitable for making simplistic (i.e. unqualified) inter-institutional comparisons" - based on institutional differences and the use of aggregate scores.
  3. The Student Evaluation of Teaching (SET) is an internal survey of students conducted for each unit in a regular cycle.
  4. ‘GDS’ refers to the Graduate Destination Survey conducted by the GCCA. The GDS items listed, respectively are 2, 1a, 7, and (1b+1c) - refer to annual Graduate Destination Survey results published by the GCCA.
  5. USQ no longer subscribes to the view that students can be categorised as ‘internal’ or ‘external’. A USQ’s student may choose at various times to move on and off campus and to choose a particular study mode appropriate to their own circumstances.
  6. USQ 1996, 1995 Student Opinion Survey: Executive Report, Academic Registrar’s Office, USQ, March.
  7. Market Breadth = Number of markets (based on countries or enrolment regions) with enrolments exceeding 10 students.
  8. From 1995 this figure includes research quantum but not research infrastructure block.
  9. Refers to the McGregor Summer (2 wk) and Winter (1 wk) Schools conducted by USQ in crafts and personal development activities.
  10. Taken from USQ Performance Centre Attendance and Box Office Report.
  11. From the studies: Temple-Smith, R. & Elvidge, N. 1993, The Economic Impact of USQ on the Toowoomba Economy, USQ; and Elvidge, N. & Temple-Smith, R. 1996, The Economic Impact of USQ on Toowoomba, USQ..
  12. Turnover Rate = terminations / staff no x 100%. 12a. 1997 figures reflect staff separations exercise conducted at the time.

# = Definitional changes or difficulties with data make the provision of meaningful comparative data impossible.

- = Data not yet available.

Blank = Data not available or not relevant.

e = estimate.

k = x1000

Contact

Professor Susan Bambrick
Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Academic)
Tel: (07) 4631 2189
Fax: (07) 4631 2782
E-mail: telford@usq.edu.au

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